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Gear used for the transmission and transformation (translation) of movements, energy and / or forces.They are usually mechanical devices (simple machine), but can also be based on hydraulic, pneumatic, electro-magnetic principles. They consist of at least three members, one of which is the frame.
* General primary function of each transmission is the adaptation of a given input speed, such as the speed of electric motors, at a required output speed, such as a tool. Examples: the shaver on the speed of the circular knife or car engine speed (6000 rpm) on the transmission input to the gearbox output 1000 rpm have. In the fourth or 5 Gait is common in gasoline engines 1:1, ie, "direct" way.
* Transmission gearing. Example Pulleys: The speed of the input wheel is on the output by a factor n2/n1 greater. The desired (larger) output speed is achieved by the ratio of the diameter of entrance (D1) to output (D2), at D1 = 42 cm min with n = 100 rpm, and D2 is = 14 cm, the output speed n2: D1/D2 = n2/n1. n2 = 42/14 × 100 = 300 rpm. This is solved without formula to more easily through reflection. If the large wheel diameter triple i. See, for small, it also has three times as much volume. Turns this extent one time you have the small wheel turn three times, so it also has three times the speed. This ratio can be loaded or unloaded not change;
* The translation is on the gear ratio between input and output speed. The ratio changes in the loaded condition of course.
* Gear. Output speed is lower. The number of teeth Z1 was 13 min with n1 = 500 rpm, and Z2 is 28th The rule is: Z1/Z2 = n2/n1, then n2 = n1 = min Z1/Z2 × 13/28 × 500 = 232.1 rpm.
The fully automatic transmission is to select the gear ratio in the drive train depending on the accelerator pedal position, speed and program switch position and enable the / driver (in) effect on the automatic control.
The gear shaft is a torque converter (top left) connected to the crankshaft not completely solved. Part of planetary gears (top right) by plate clutches connected in the power flow, while others held by fins or band brakes. This is a quick chance of the transmission ratio over more than one gear without interrupting the power flow. A pump on the drive shaft based on the pressure needed to actuate the clutches and brakes in the automatic transmission. The regulation of the oil flows are up to some time ago hydraulically or electronically today. As a special oil in the automatic transmission oil ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid be used).
In the hydraulic system (second photo from top), the switching valves operated by oil pressure and thus the translation of selected manifold pressure (gas pedal) and the centrifugal governor (speed) is controlled. In the electronic control valves from the control circuit by corresponding sensors are electrically operated.
Various selector lever positions allow reverse, neutral, one block with parking and the blocking of one or more top-speed. Often, the driver / s (influence) the change of gear by a second shift gate. Either can switch between programs with an economic early or late switching sports to be elected, or the software finds the driving style required by fuzzy logic out for yourself. |
